Glossary

A derivative term providing a shortcut to identify the conditions of open when OER are used.
The 5 R’s are: retain, reuse, revise, remix and redistribute.
("ASCCC OERI — OER Basics" by Rachel Arteaga and Suzanne Wakim is licensed under CC BY 4.0)

Accessibility can be viewed as the "ability to access" something. The concept of accessible design and practice of accessible development ensures both "direct access" (i.e. unassisted) and "indirect access" meaning compatibility with a person's assistive technology (for example, computer screen readers).
("Wikipedia" is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0)

The copyright holder of a creative work reserves all copyright-related rights, typically including the right to publish the work, to make derivative works of it, to distribute it, to make profit from it, to license a number of these rights to other people, and to forbid these uses by any unauthorized people, thus being entitled to take legal action against infringement. ("Wiktionary" is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0)

Short for alternative text. A text caption, associated with an image or other element, that is rendered if the usual content cannot be rendered. ("Wiktionary" is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0)

The process by which a content user gives proper credit to the original creator of a work when a portion of that work is reused or adopted outside of its original context. Attribution typically includes a link to the original work and information about the author and license. ( Adapted from "Wikipedia" is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0)

A method of designing an educational curriculum by setting goals before choosing instructional methods and forms of assessment. ("Wiktionary" is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0)

Co-creation or co-designing is a learning process whereby knowledge consumption and knowledge creation are parallel processes. It is often realised in education by renewable assignments such as the creation of open textbooks by students. (Adapted from "A Guide to Making Open Textbooks with Students" by Rebus Community is licensed under CC BY 4.0). See also Renewable assessment.

A set of intellectual property laws that give the rightsholder of a work (usually the author) exclusive rights over the reproduction, reuse, remixing, display, performance, and redistribution of their work.
(Adapted from "The OER Starter Kit " by Abbey Elder is licensed under CC BY 4.0)

The final outcomes that an instructor expects their students to gain by the time the students complete a course. ("The OER Starter Kit " by Abbey Elder is licensed under CC BY 4.0)

A set of open licenses that allow creators to clearly mark how others can reuse their work through a set of four badge-like components: Attribution, Share-Alike, Non-Commercial, and No Derivatives. ("The OER Starter Kit " by Abbey Elder is licensed under CC BY 4.0)

Identifying colonial systems, structures and relationships and challenging them.  Decolonisation of the curriculum requires a significant cultural shift from exclusion to inclusion of all cultures and knowledge systems. ( Adapted from "Introduction to decolonising the library" by University of Essex Library is licensed under CC BY 4.0)

In copyright law, a work that is a variation of an original work sufficiently similar to contain protected elements of the original work, but sufficiently different to qualify for copyright protection independent of the original work. ("Wiktionary" is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0)

Digital tools are websites, program or online resources that make tasks easier to complete. ("Digital Passport" by Department of Health and Social Care is licensed under CC BY 3.0 )

An assessment task which has no utility after the student has completed it. ( Adapted from "What is Open Pedagogy?" by David Wiley is licensed under CC BY 3.0)

The quality of being diverse or different; difference or unlikeness. ("Wiktionary" is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0)

The tendency to look at the world primarily from the perspective of one's own traditional, deferred, or adoptive ethnic culture. ("Wiktionary" is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0)

A doctrine in intellectual property law originating from the USA that permits one party to make use of another party's protected intellectual property (such as a copyright or trademark) under narrowly defined circumstances. ("Wiktionary" is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0)

See 5Rs.

Flexible learning is a principle of practice in formal education, concerned with increasing flexibility in the requirements, time and location of study, teaching, assessment and certification. ( "Wikipedia" is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0)

Inclusion in education refers to all students being able to access and gain equal opportunities to education and learning. A pedagogical practice that relates to both inclusive education and progressivist thinking is Universal Design for Learning (UDL). This method of teaching advocates for the removal of barriers in the physical and social environments that students of all abilities are within, as this is the main reason why students are unable to engage with the material presented in class. (Adapted from "Wikipedia" is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0)

A piece of software that manages, analyses, and runs educational courses. Canvas and Blackboard are two popular examples.  ("The OER Starter Kit " by Abbey Elder is licensed under CC BY 4.0)

A legal document giving official permission to do something. (Adapted from "Wiktionary" is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0)

The process by which a rightsholder (usually the creator of a work) dictates that others can reuse their work in specific ways.  ("The OER Starter Kit " by Abbey Elder is licensed under CC BY 4.0)

See Open Educational Resources

The set of teaching and learning practices that are only possible or practical in the context of the 5R permissions that are characteristic of OER. (Source: "International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning" by David Wiley and John Hilton, is licensed under CC BY 4.0)

Open eLearning Content Observatory Services, (OLCOS) a project to provide a central resource for promoting the creation and use of OER, particularly open digital educational content. ("Open eLearning Content Observatory Services" by Open eLearning Content Observatory Services (OLCOS) is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 2.5)

A model by which content creators make their scholarly outputs free to access without cost to users. This can be done either by publishing content with an OA publisher or by sharing a copy of the content on an open repository. ("The OER Starter Kit " by Abbey Elder is licensed under CC BY 4.0)

Assessment tasks in which students create or contribute to an open resource and contribute to an ongoing,  public body of knowledge.  See also Renewable assignments. (Source: "International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning" by David Wiley and John Hilton, is licensed under CC BY 4.0)

Resources, tools and practices that employ a framework of open sharing . (Source: "About the Open Education Consortium" by Open Education Consortium is licensed under CC BY 4.0)

Open education is an educational movement founded on openness, with connections to other educational movements such as critical pedagogy, and with an educational stance which favours widening participation and inclusiveness in society. ("Wikipedia" is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0)

Practices which encourage the development of openness, community engagement, transparency, responsibility, sharing, and accountability in education. (Adapted from "Open Education Practices: A User Guide for Organisations/Resources and Practices" by Otago Polytechnic, Open Education Practices: A User Guide for Organisations and Individuals is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0

Teaching, learning, and research materials that are either (a) in the public domain or (b) licensed in a manner that provides everyone with free and perpetual permission to engage in the 5 R activities. (Adapted from "CC Wiki" by Creative Commons is licensed under CC BY 4.0 )

A copyright licence which grants permission for all users to access, reuse, and redistribute a work with few or no restrictions.  ("The OER Starter Kit " by Abbey Elder is licensed under CC BY 4.0)

A set of pedagogical practices that include engaging students in content creation and making learning accessible to all.  ("The OER Starter Kit " by Abbey Elder is licensed under CC BY 4.0)

Open-source software (OSS) is computer software that is released under a license in which the copyright holder grants users the rights to use, study, change, and distribute the software and its source code to anyone and for any purpose. ("Wikipedia" is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0)

An openly licensed and free to access textbook; an OER meant to be used as a textbook for a course. ("The OER Starter Kit " by Abbey Elder is licensed under CC BY 4.0)

The process of perceiving or portraying someone or something as essentially alien or different ("Wiktionary" is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0)

A work which is not covered under copyright law, whose copyright has expired, or which has been dedicated to the public domain by its rightsholder is said to be in the public domain. ("The OER Starter Kit " by Abbey Elder is licensed under CC BY 4.0)

Assessment tasks in which each student cohort creates or contributes to openly created work, developing an ongoing body of knowledge and which value outside the creators’ learning experience. (Adapted from "Wiley, D., & Hilton III, J. L. (2018). Defining OER-enabled pedagogy. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 19(4)." is licensed under CC BY 4.0)

An assignment task which forms part of renewable assessment. (Adapted from "Wiley, D., & Hilton III, J. L. (2018). Defining OER-enabled pedagogy. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 19(4)." is licensed under CC BY 4.0)

Payment made to a writer, artist, creator etc. for the sale or use of intellectual property. (Adapted from "Wiktionary" is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0)

Touchable; able to be touched or felt; perceptible by the sense of touch. ("Wiktionary" is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0)

The shift from mechanical and analogue electronic technology to digital electronics. (Adapted from "Wikipedia" is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0)

A process intended to design products that are usable by all people, with or without disabilities, to the greatest extent possible. (Adapted from "Wikipedia" is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0)

A framework to improve and optimize teaching and learning for all people based on the concept that, by providing multiple ways of engaging with content, the diverse educational needs of learners can be met. (Adapted from "Wikipedia" is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0)