List of Figures, Videos, and Tables

Figures | Videos | Tables

Figures

Introduction 

Figure 0.1. The visible light spectrum, by RMIT, licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0.

Chapter 1

Figure 1.1. Boutet 1708 colour circles. Image attribution: C. B. (probably Claude Boutet or its editor, Christophe Ballard), Boutet 1708 color circles, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons.

Figure 1.2. Sir Isaac Newton. Mezzotint by J. Faber, junior, 1726, after J. Vanderbank, 1725. Image by Wellcome Library, London via Wikimedia Commons, licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Figure 1.3. Depiction of Plato’s Academy. Image attribution: Unknown author, Plato’s Academy mosaic from Pompeii, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.4. Engraving from the title page of Opticae Thesaurus. Image attribution: Opticae Thesaurus, a latin edition of Ibn al-Haytham’s Book of Optics. Among other things it shows how Archimedes allegedly set Roman ships on fire with parabolic mirrors during the Siege of Syracuse. Unknown illustrator, Thesaurus opticus Titelblatt, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.5. Portrait of Robert Grosseteste, Bishop of Lincoln, eyes crossed, seated with miter and crozier, his right hand raised in blessing. Image attribution: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Grosseteste_bishop.jpg Unknown 14th century scribe, Grosseteste bishop, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.6. Da Vinci’s study of the gradation of shadows on spheres. Image attribution: Leonardo da Vinci, Study of the Graduations of Shadows on Spheres, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.7. Newton’s colour circle from his publication Opticks. Image attribution: Isaac Newton, Newton’s color circle, from Opticks. 1704, from Book I, Part II, Proposition VI, Problem 2. Marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.8. Image attribution: Isaac Newton, Opticks, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.9. Goethe’s colour wheel. Image attribution: The original uploader was Luestling at German Wikipedia., Goethe, Farbenkreis zur Symbolisierung des menschlichen Geistes- und Seelenlebens, 1809, marked as public domain, more details onWikimedia Commons

Figure 1.10. Three-colour printing by Le Blon. Image attribution: Jacob Christoph Le Blon, Le Blon three-color printing, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.11. Chevrel’s chromatic circle. Image attribution: Michel Chevreul, Cercle chromatique Chevreul 3, image marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons.

Figure 1.12. Chevrel’s RYB chromatic diagram. Image attribution: Benjamin Stillman after Chevreul, Chevreul’s RYB chromatic diagram, image marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons.

Figure 1.13. Maxwell’s three-colour photograph – possibly the first colour photograph. Image attribution: The first color photograph made by the three-color method suggested by James Clerk Maxwell in 1855, taken in 1861 by Thomas Sutton. The subject is a colored ribbon, usually described as a tartan ribbon, on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.14. Pages from Rood’s publication Modern Chromatics With Applications to Art and Industry. Image attribution: Image capture from Modern Chromatics With Applications to Art And Industry  by Ogden N. Rood on Archive.org

Figure 1.15. Munsell’s Colour solid cylindrical coordinates – grey. Image attribution: Munsell 1943 color solid cylindrical coordinates.png: SharkD derivative work: Datumizer, Munsell 1943 color solid cylindrical coordinates gray, CC BY-SA 3.0, on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.16. Oswald’s colour system – photograph of physical model. Image attribution: Photograph of Ostwald’s colour system, licenced under GNU Free Documentation License, on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.17. CIE1931xy gamut comparison diagram. Image attribution: BenRG and cmglee, CIE1931xy gamut comparison, text label modifications by Lisa Cianci, 2022, CC BY-SA 3.0, on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.18. CIELAB colour space – 3-dimensional model. Image attribution: Holger kkk Everding, CIELAB color space top view, CC BY-SA 4.0, on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.19. Coloured powders used in the Indian Holi festival. Image by Rahulrk07 via Wikimedia Commons, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Figure 1.20. Logo Design. Image attribution: Claireneon, Colour palette selection for logo design, CC BY-SA 4.0

Figure 1.21. Google Material Design – examples of colour usage. Image attribution Google Material Design, Apache licence 2.0.

Figure 1.22. Google Material Design – examples of colour usage. Image attribution Google Material Design, Apache licence 2.0.

Figure 1.23. Image attribution Skin58, Blue Light acne phototherapy iClear, on Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0

Figure 1.24. Newborn Jaundice treatment with a “Bili-lite”. Image attribution: User Jeremykemp on en.wikipedia, Bili light with newborn, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.25. Minerva as the goddess Roma. Image attribution: Dennis Jarvis from Halifax, Canada, Italy-0540 – Dress is not painted…. (5168496402), on Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0

Figure 1.26. Madonna del Cardellino by Raffaello Sanzio shows the Madonna with a blue cloak painted with ultramarine pigment. Image attribution: Raphael artist QS:P170,Q5597, Raffaello Sanzio – Madonna del Cardellino – Google Art Project, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.27. The Milk Maid by Johannes Vermeer. Image attribution: Johannes Vermeer artist QS:P170,Q41264, Johannes Vermeer – Het melkmeisje – Google Art Project, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.28.  Flag-map of the world. Image attribution: Transparent 6lue, Flag-map of the world, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons.

Figure 1.29. Australian Aboriginal Flag Image attribution: Aboriginal artist Harold Thomas (Vector graphics image by Trisreed), Australian Aboriginal Flag, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.30. Pride flag. Image attribution: Philadelphia City Council and Tierney, Philadelphia Pride Flag, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.31. Progress pride flag. Image attribution: Paul2520, LGBTQ+ rainbow flag Quasar “Progress” variant, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.32. Image attribution: Aboriginal rock art in ochre colours, Graeme Churchard from Bristol (51.4414, -2.5242), UK, Aboriginal rock art on the Barnett River, Mount Elizabeth Station, on Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0

Figure 1.33. Image attribution: Esther 1721 https://pixabay.com/nl/users/esther1721-534895/, Aboriginal-art-503444 960 720, CC0 1.0 on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.34. Image attribution: Homer, Odyssey manuscript. Date: 3rd quarter of the 15th century.
File:Odyssey_manuscript.jpg photoshopped by Odysses, Odyssey-crop, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.35. A page from Werner’s Nomenclature of Colours: Greys. Image attribution: Werner, Abraham Gottlob, 1749-1817; Syme, Patrick, 1774-1845, editor; Blackwood, William, 1776-1834, bookseller; Cadell, Thomas, 1773-1836, bookseller; James Ballantyne and Co., printer, Werner’s nomenclature of colours: greys, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.36. Bauhaus fabric samples by Otti Berger. Image attribution: Otti Berger artist QS:P170,Q2037742 Creator:Bauhaus, Book MET DP368775, on Wikimedia Commons,CC0 1.0.

Figure 1.37. Wheat field with crows, Vincent van Gogh, 1890.  Image attribution: Vincent van Gogh artist QS:P170,Q5582 Google Art Projectでのアーティストの詳細, Vincent van Gogh – Wheatfield with crows – Google Art Project, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.38. Bauhaus cradle by Peter Kelley. Image attribution: Peter Keler artist QS:P170,Q2076225 (Ausführung) Wassily Kandinsky creator QS:P170,Q61064, Bauhauswiege DSC9004, on Wikimedia Commons, CC0 1.0

Figure 1.39. Who’s Afraid of Red, Yellow and Blue IV (1969/70) by Barnett Newman. Image attribution: Rino Porrovecchio from Palermo, Italy, Barnett Newman at Neue Nationalgalerie (2369586886), on Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 2.0

Figure 1.40. Image attribution: Metropolitan Print Company; Copyright 1896 by Raff & Gammon, Edison’s Greatest Marvel-The Vitascope – Restoration, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1.41. Colour grading example with increased saturation and contrast: before (left) and after (right). Image attribution: Image by Ioannis Ioannidis from Pixabay

Chapter 2

Figure 2.1. The light spectrum with visible wave lengths in nanometres, by RMIT, licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0.

Figure 2.2 Plasma globe by Joshua_Willson via Pixabay, licensed under CC0.

Figure 2.3. Electromagnetic spectrum diagram by RMIT, licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0.

Figure 2.4. The visible light spectrum, by RMIT, licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0.

Figure 2.5. Aurora Borealis (Northern Lights), Alaska. Image attribution: United States Air Force photo by Senior Airman Joshua Strang, Polarlicht 2, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 2.6. Examples of simple convex and concave lenses which can focus or disperse light. Image attribution: Large convex lens and Concave lens images released under the GNU Free Documentation License.

Figure 2.7. Camera Obscura engraved drawing. Image attribution: James Ayscough, 1755 james ayscough, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 2.8. Camera Lucida diagram. Image attribution: Unknown author, Camera Lucida in use drawing small figurine, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 2.9. Example of the view looking through a kaleidoscope with coloured glass beads. Image attribution: Albarubescens, Rotational symmetries in designs produced by a kaleidoscopeDSCN2440, on Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0

Figure 2.10. Example of a stereograph image depicting someone viewing a stereograph image through a stereoscope. Image attribution: Underwood & Underwood, Stereograph as an educator, marked as public domain, on Wikimedia Commons.

Figure 2.11. Anaglyph image for red-cyan 3D glasses. Image attribution: John Johnston from Glagow, Scotland, Hammer anaglyph (14656149338), on Wikimedia Commons CC BY-SA 2.0

Figure 2.12. Two pairs of RealD 3D cinema glasses demonstrating polarising effect. Image attribution: Fritz Jörn at English Wikipedia, TwoRealDglassesblackening, marked as public domain, on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 2.13. Example of six different types of laser. Image attribution: 彭家杰, LASER, on Wikimedia Commons CC BY-SA 3.0

Figure 2.14. Optical fibres.  Image attribution: BigRiz, Fibreoptic, on Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0

Figure 2.15. A silicon photovoltaic cell. Image attribution: Radiotrefoil, Silicon heterojunction solar cell, on Wikimedia Commons CC BY-SA 4.0

Figure 2.16. Anglo-Autralian telescope at Siding Springs Observatory. Image attribution: Ahilan Parameswaran, Anglo-Australian telescope at Siding Springs Observatory, on Wikimedia Commons CC BY-SA 3.0

Figure 2.17. Tomato with light waves reflecting red light, by RMIT, licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0 using tomato by Mostafa Elturkey via Pixabay, CC0.

Figure 2.18. Plant with light waves reflecting green light by RMIT, licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0 from plant pot by Satheesh Sankaran via Pixabay, CC0.

Figure 2.19. Mimulus flower photographed in visible light (left) and ultraviolet light (right) showing a dark nectar guide visible to bees but not to humans. Image attribution: Plantsurfer, Mimulus nectar guide UV VIS, on Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0

Figure 2.20. Gemstones in a range of colours. Image attribution: Arpingstone, Gem.pebbles.800pix, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 2.21. Periodic table of elements. Image attribution: 2012rc, Periodic table large, on Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 3.0,

Figure 2.22. Beckman Ir-1 Spectrophotometer, c. 1941. Image attribution: Chemical Heritage Foundation, Beckman Ir-1 Spectrophotometer, ca. 1941, on Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0

Figure 2.23. Colorimeter. Image attribution: Sonal Shinde, Colorimeter, on Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0

Figure 2.24 Room interior with two light sources. Image by 5460160 via Pixabay, licensed under CC0.

Figure 2.25 T-shirts in rainbow colours. Image attribution: Photo by Greg Rosenke on Unsplash

Figure 2.26 Fluorescent minerals. Image attribution: Fluorescent minerals (Hgrobe 06:16, 26 April 2006 (UTC)) – credit: Hannes Grobe/AWI, Fluorescent minerals hg, CC BY-SA 2.5, on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 2.27. Fluorescent clothes that glow with UV blacklight. Image attribution: Black light theatre Prague, Black light theatre Prague HILT 13, CC BY-SA 4.0, on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 2.28. Video: surfing waves with bioluminescent algae bloom. Media attribution: Bioluminescent algae (Lingulodinium polyedra) bloom in San Diego by Timothy R Fallon, on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 2.29. Red green and blue LEDs. Image attribution: R, G, and B LEDs [7]. by PiccoloNamek, Uploaded to English Wikipedia under GDFL-self (GNU Free Documentation Licence) by the author, on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 2.30. Radium clock dial from the 1950s. Image attribution: Arma95, Radium Dial, CC BY-SA 3.0, on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 2.31. A Piezo ignition device. Image attribution: Petteri Aimonen, Piezo igniter, marked as public domain, on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 2.32. Blue ringed octopus. Image attribution: Blue ringed octopus. Image by Rickard Zerpe on Wikimedia Commons, licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0.

Figure 2.33. Daguerrotype photographic image by Louis Daguerre, 1837. Image attribution: Louis Daguerre creator QS:P170,Q131405, Daguerreotype Daguerre Atelier 1837, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 2.34. Early colour photograph of Agen, France by Louis Ducos du Hauron, 1877. Image attribution: Louis Ducos du Hauron (1837 – 1920), Duhauron1877, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 2.35. Chromatography of chlorophyl. Image attribution: Flo~commonswiki, Chromatography of chlorophyll – Step 7, CC BY-SA 2.5 on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 2.36. Test tubes containing solutions of pH 1–10 colored with an indicator. Image attribution: Alvy16, PH scale 3, CC BY 4.0

Figure 2.37. Chemistry of Universal Indicator by James Kennedy Monash. Image attribution: Chemistry of Universal Indicator by James Kennedy Monash, Creative Commons licence Attribution-Non-commercial-ShareAlike-4.0, select image to enlarge.

Figure 2.38. Blue hydrangea flowers. Image attribution: photograph by Lisa Cianci, Creative Commons licence Attribution-Non-commercial-ShareAlike-4.0

Figure 2.39. How do pregnancy test work?(Embedded image) Image attribution: Compound Interest – How do pregnancy tests work?

Figure 2.40. New Year’s Eve Fireworks on Sydney Harbour. Image attribution: Rob Chandler, New Year’s Eve on Sydney Harbour, CC BY-SA 2.0 on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 2.41. Image attribution: this image shared from www.compoundchem.com Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence, © Compound Interest 2015

Figure 2.42. Image attribution: image by Lisa Cianci, adapted from an engraving from Meyers Conversations-Lexicon, 1897, CC-BY-NC-SA

Figure 2.43. Anatomy of the human eye, adapted from an image by OpenClipart-Vectors via Pixabay, licensed under CC0.

Figure 2.44. Overview of the retina photoreceptors. Schematic view of the eye with the retina at the back of the eye (the fundus), containing cones, rods and the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) expressing the photopigment melanopsin. Image by Christine Blume, Corrado Garbazza & Manuel Spitschan on Wikimedia Commons, licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Figure 2.45. Photographic image of rod and cone cells of the retina. Image by: Helga Kolb, Rrods and cones of the primate retina, CC BY-SA 4.0, on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 2.46. Red Square with white interior. Image attribution: Red Square with white interior by Lisa Cianci, Creative Commons licence Attribution-Non-commercial-ShareAlike-4.0

Figure 2.47. Red afterimage: cyan square with grey interior. Image attribution: Red afterimage: cyan square with grey interior by Lisa Cianci, Creative Commons licence Attribution-Non-commercial-ShareAlike-4.0

Figure 2.48. Diagram for viewing “impossible” chimerical colours that are only accessible via fatigue effects in the human eye. Image attribution: Lisa Cianci, adapted from an image by Zowie at English Wikipedia, Chimerical-color-demo, CC BY-SA 3.0, on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 2.49. Human brain, adapted from an image by Patrick J. Lynch via Wikimedia Commons, licensed under CC BY 2.5.

Figure 2.50. Relative colour animation: pink to green. Image attribution: Relative colour animation: pink to green by Lisa Cianci, Creative Commons licence Attribution-Non-commercial-ShareAlike-4.0

Figure 2.51. Comparisons of vision differences: normal trichromacy, deuteranopia, tritanopia and monochromacy. Image attributions:
Q-lieb-in, Вечір на “інтегралі” – річка Південний Буг, CC BY-SA 4.0, Tohaomg, Deuteranopia sight, CC BY-SA 4.0, Tohaomg, Tritanopia sight, CC BY-SA 4.0, Tohaomg, Monochromacy sight, CC BY-SA 4.0

Figure 2.52. A comparison of the visible colour spectrum in common types of colour blindness. diagram. Image attribution: SyntaxTerror, Color blindness, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 2.53. Ishihara Plate 9. Image attribution: Original: Shinobu Ishihara creator QS:P170,Q530761 Derivative work: Pbrks, Ishihara 9, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 2.54. Entwurf 2 zu Komposition VII by Wassily Kandinsky.  Image attribution: Wassily Kandinsky artist QS:P170,Q61064, Entwurf 2 zu Komposition VII (Wassily Kandinsky) DSC1682, CC0 1.0 on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 2.55. Equality and equity, by RMIT, licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0.

Figure 2.56. Examples of good and bad colour combinations for accessibility. Image attribution: image by Lisa Cianci, Creative Commons licence Attribution-Non-commercial-ShareAlike-4.0.

Figure 2.57. Spotted eagle owl. Image by jeanvdmeulen via Pixabay, licensed under CC0.

Figure 2.58. Monkey’s eyes. Image by a_m_o_u_t_o_n via Pixabay, licensed under CC0.

Figure 2.59. Banded forest gecko eye. Image by Kean Leng Ang via Wikimedia Commons, licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Figure 2.60. Robber fly eyes. Image by Opo Terser via Wikimedia Commons, licensed under CC BY 2.0.

Chapter 3

Figure 3.1. Colour wheel by TheDigitalArtist via Pixabay, licensed under CC0.

Figure 3.2. Additive and subtractive colour primaries. Image attribution:Additive and Subtractive colour primaries by Lisa Cianci, Creative Commons licence Attribution-Non-commercial-ShareAlike-4.0

Figure 3.3. Interactive Additive Colour Mixer. Image attribution: Interactive Additive Colour Mixer by Lisa Cianci, Creative Commons licence Attribution-Non-commercial-ShareAlike-4.0

Figure 3.4. Interactive Subtractive Colour Mixer. Image attribution: Interactive Additive Colour Mixer by Lisa Cianci, Creative Commons licence Attribution-Non-commercial-ShareAlike-4.0

Figure 3.5. How subtractive colour works by RMIT, licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0 using images by OpenClipart-Vectors and Simona via Pixabay, CC0.

Figure 3.6. RGB colour wheel by RMIT, licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0.

Figure 3.7. RYB color star (modified to show primary, secondary and tertiary colours), by Kwamikagami via Wikimedia Commons, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Figure 3.8. RGB to CMYK conversion flow diagram by RMIT, licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0.

Figure 3.9. Additive colour – three torches by RMIT, licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0.

Figure 3.10. Additive colour – two filters on one torch by RMIT, licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0.

Figure 3.11 Coloured pencils. Image by Stefan Schweihofer via Wikimedia Commons, licensed under CC0.

Figure 3.12. Colour slider example. Image attribution: Colour slider image from GIMP image manipulation software application, GNU public licence v.3

Attribution for images used in this quiz all on Adobe Stock licensed to RMIT University (Education Licence):

Figure 3.13. Pencil Diversity Team by qimono
Figure 3.14. Question 1: Watercolour by eluela31
Figure 3.15. Question 2: Flower t-shirt by alyalasadi via Pixabay
Figure 3.16. Question 3: Stage lighting by Christopher Snape via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 3.0
Figure 3.17. Question 4: Graphic designer by Claireneon via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0
Figure 3.18. Question 5: Colourful hair by El Swaggy via Unsplash, CC0.

Figure 3.19. Image attribution: Digital abstract image by RaniRamli via Pixabay, licensed under CC0.

Figure 3.20. CIELAB, RGB and CMYK colour spaces – approximate values only, by RMIT, licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0.

Figure 3.21. Test Pattern. Image by Zacabeb via Wikimedia Commons, licensed under CC0.

Figure 3.22. Colour Picker showing various RGB colour values. Image attribution: Colour picker image from GIMP image manipulation software application, GNU public licence v.3

Figure 3.23. Colour converter tool. Media attribution:  Interactive colour converter (JavaScript) by Derk Jan Speelman on CodePen

Figure 3.24. Waveform (RGB) data from MP4 video. Image attribution: Waveform RGB data from MP4 video by Lisa Cianci, Creative Commons licence Attribution-Non-commercial-ShareAlike-4.0

Figure 3.25. Example of low and high resolution versions of the same image, from a photo by lum-box via Pixabay, licensed under CC0.

Figure 3.26. Video resolution comparison by RMIT,  CC BY-NC 4.0. from a photo by Babelphotography via Pixabay, licensed under CC0.

Figure 3.27 Printing machine with CMYK colour. Image by Magnascan via Pixabay, licensed under CC0.

Figure 3.28. Printing house by andreas160578 via Pixabay, licensed under CC0.

Figure 3.29. Pantone swatches. Photo by Christina Rumpf via Unsplash, licensed under CC0.

Figure 3.30. Image attribution: Image by Gino Crescoli from Pixabay

Figure 3.31 Artist’s watercolour palette by Somraya via Pixabay, licensed under CC0.

Figure 3.32.  Portrait of George, Prince of Wales, later George III by Liotard. Image attribution: Jean-Étienne Liotard artist QS:P170,Q123757, George, Prince of Wales, later George III, 1754 by Liotard, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 3.33 Artist’s palette by Rosa Bonheur via Wikimedia Commons, in the public domain.

Figure 3.34 Pigment by Marco Almbauer via Wikimedia Commons, licensed under, CC BY-SA 3.0.

Figure 3.35, Bucket of indigo, by gitane via Wikimedia Commons, licensed under CC BY 3.0.

Figure 3.36 Cinnabar by H. Zell via Wikimedia Commons, licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0.

Figure 3.37. Cobalt Oxide Green pigment by Stephhzz via Wikimedia Commons, licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0.

Figure 3.38. Stamp by Post of Aden via Wikimedia Commons, in the public domain.

Figure 3.39. Mas Subramanian, YInMn Blue – cropped, CC BY-SA 4.0

Figure 3.40. Paint brushes by Armando Olivo Martín del Campo via Wikimedia Commons, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Figure 3.41 Juana Gutierrez grinding indigo at the Porfirio Gutierrez family workshop in Teotitlan del Valle, Oaxaca, Mexico.
Image by Thelmadatter via Wikimedia Commons, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Figure 3.42. Hunting Carpet made by Ghyath ud-Din Jami, Wool, cotton and silk, 1542–1543, Museo Poldi Pezzoli, Milan. Image attribution: Ghyas el Din Jami – Weaver (Persian) Born in North-West Persia. Died in North-West Persia.
Google Art Projectでのアーティストの詳細, Ghyas el Din Jami – Tabriz (?) – Google Art Project, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 3.43. Eucalyptus tereticornis buds, capsules, flowers and foliage, Rockhampton, Queensland. Image attribution:L Ethel Aardvark, Eucalyptus tereticornis flowers, capsules, buds and foliage, CC BY 3.0

Figure 3.44. Wool coloured with natural dyes by Himalayan Weavers. Image by Alamcsd at wts wikivoyage via Wikimedia Commons, in the public domain.

Figure 3.45. Image attribution: Indanthren Dyeings on Rayon (Viscose) Yarn by Science History Institute via Wikimedia Commons, in the public domain.

Figure 3.46. Pink hair in Harajuku by Jacob Ehnmark via Wikimedia Commons, licensed under CC BY 2.0.

Figure 3.47. Vats for dyeing silk cloth. New York Public Library via Wikimedia Commons, in the public domain.

Figure 3.48. Painting with fluorescent colours which glow under black light. Beo Beyond via Wikimedia Commons, licensed under CC BY 3.0.

Figure 3.49. The “pearl scene”, New York City, 1921. A dance troupe wears costumes covered with pearls covered with phosphorescent paint. The lights in the theatre are turned off, and the pearls glow. Eric A. Dime via Wikimedia Commons, in the public domain.

Figure 3.50. Thermochromic “Magic” Mug.  Media attribution: Magic mug, WEBM video from Wikimedia commons

Figure 3.51. TVR Tuscan Speed Six car painted with ChromaFlair interference pigment. Image attribution: Mytho88, TVR Tuscan 01, CC BY-SA 3.0 on Wikimedia commons

Figure 3.52. Artwork L’accord Bleu by Yves Klein, 1960, using International Klein Blue pigment. Image attribution: Jaredzimmerman (WMF), L’accord bleu (RE 10), 1960, CC BY-SA 3.0 on Wikimedia commons

Figure 3.53. A sample of Vantablack pigment covering aluminium foil. Image attribution: Surrey NanoSystems, Vantablack 01, CC BY-SA 3.0

Figure 3.54. Vibrant pink powdered pigment (not Pinkest Pink) by Honey Fangs via Unsplash, licensed under CC0.

Figure 3.55. Painting by Martin Drolling, 1815 showing use of Mummy brown pigment. Image attribution: Martin Drolling artist QS:P170,Q3295410, Martin Drolling – Interior of a Kitchen (detail) – WGA6679, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons.

Figure 3.56. Indian Yellow Pigment. Image attribution: Shisha-Tom, Indisch-Gelb, CC BY-SA 3.0.

Figure 3.57. Old tin of Paris Green paint. Image attribution: Chris goulet at English Wikipedia, Paris Green (Schweinfurter Grün), CC BY-SA 3.0.

Figure 3.58. Old tin of Dutch Boy white lead paint. Image attribution: Thester11, LeadPaint1, CC BY 3.0.

Figure 3.59. Painting by Joshua Reynolds – the vermilion cloak has faded from a vibrant red to a pale pink over time. Image attribution: Joshua Reynolds artist QS:P170,Q194402, Charles Coote, 1st Earl of Bellamont, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons.

Figure 3.60. Cochineal pigment production. Image attribution: Thelmadatter, GutierrezWorkshopTeotitlan055, CC BY-SA 4.0.

Figure 3.61. Indigo plant (Indigofera tinctoria) Image attribution: Kurt Stüber, Indigofera tinctoria1, CC BY-SA 3.0.

Figure 3.62. Photograph of a factory scene from 1922, United States Radium Corporation showing women and girls using radium paint with no protection or warnings. Image attribution: Unknown author, All women or girls using radium paint with no protection or warnings in 1922, from- USRadiumGirls-Argonne1,ca1922-23-150dpi (cropped), marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons.

Figure 3.63 Harris’ RYB Colour Wheel. Image attribution: Moses Harris, The Natural System of Colours and Ignaz Schiffermüller, Versuch eines Farbensystems (Vienna, 1772), plate I, Moses Harris, The Natural System of Colours, marked as public domain, more details on Wikimedia Commons

Figure 3.64. Interactive colour wheel by Benjamin Knight. Media attribution: A Pen created on CodePen.io. Original URL: https://codepen.io/benknight/pen/MWmydp, The MIT License (MIT) Copyright (c) 2022 Benjamin Knight

Figure 3.65. Colour wheel diagram showing monochrome colours.
Figure 3.66. Colour wheel diagram showing analogous colour hues.
Figure 3.67. Colour wheel diagram showing complementary colour hues.
Figure 3.68. Colour wheel diagram showing split-complementary colour hues.
Figure 3.69. Colour wheel diagram showing triadic colour hues.
Figure 3.70. Colour wheel diagram showing tetradic colour hues.
Image attributions for this page: Colour wheel images on this page (figures 3.65 to 3.70) by RMIT, CC BY-NC 4.0.

Figure 3.71. Hue colour wheel by RMIT, CC BY-NC 4.0.
Figure 3.72. Saturation colour wheel by RMIT, CC BY-NC 4.0.
Figure 3.72a. Image provided courtesy of D.J.C Briggs, 2017  CC BY-NC 4.0.
Figure 3.73. Value colour wheel and same wheel converted to greyscale with the same values, by RMIT, CC BY-NC 4.0.
Figure 3.73a. Image provided courtesy of D.J.C. Briggs, 2017 CC BY-NC 4.0.
Figure 3.73b. Image provided courtesy of D.J.C. Briggs, 2017 CC BY-NC 4.0.
Figure 3.74. Tints colour wheel by RMIT, CC BY-NC 4.0.
Figure 3.75. Shades colour wheel by RMIT, CC BY-NC 4.0.
Figure 3.76. Tones colour wheel by RMIT, CC BY-NC 4.0.

Figure 3.77. Pantone colour guide, via Wikimedia Commons, licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0.

Figure 3.78. Twenty hues of the Munsell colour system at maximum chroma in the sRGB gamut. Image attribution: Thenoizz, MunsellColorWheel, CC BY 3.0

Videos

Chapter 1

Media attribution: How Technicolor changed movies, Phil Edwards, Vox on YouTube

Media attribution: Color film was built for white people. Here’s what it did to dark skin, Vox on YouTube

Media attribution: Moonlight | Official Trailer HD, A24, on YouTube

Chapter 2

Media attribution: Is Light a Wave or a Particle? – Ask a Spaceman, Paul M. Sutter on YouTube

Media attribution: A History of how Optics Has Helped Artists Create Better Paintings, Inside Science, on YouTube

Media attribution: How to make a Pinhole Camera, George Eastman Museum on YouTube

Media attribution: How to Turn a Room into a Camera Obscura, George Eastman Museum, on YouTube

Media attribution: How It’s Made: Kaleidoscopes, Science Channel, on YouTube

Media attribution: Chameleons are Masters of Nanotechnology by Reactions on YouTube

Media attribution: Test asides with home-made pH indicator, BBC Earth Lab on YouTube

Media attribution: Chemist Breaks Down How At-Home Covid Tests Work | WIRED by Wired on YouTube

Media attribution: How Your Eyes Make Sense of the World | Decoder, National Geographic, on YouTube

Media attribution: Optical Illusions show how we see | Beau Lotto, Ted on YouTube

Media attribution: Everything You See is Fake | Fractured Realities, BBC Earth Lab on YouTube

Media attribution: What is Colour Blindness? – A Week in Science, Royal Institute of Australia on YouTube

Media attribution: Seeing colours nobody else can – Incredible Medicine: Dr Weston’s Casebook | Episode 2 – BBC 2, BBC on YouTube

Media attribution: What color is Tuesday? Exploring synesthesia – Richard E. Cytowic, Ted Ed on YouTube

Chapter 3

Media attribution: Explaining Image file Formats, Explaining Computers on YouTube

Media attribution: Explaining Digital Video: Formats, Codecs & Containers, Explaining Computers on YouTube

Media attribution: Essential Tips Converting RGB To CMYK | The Art Of Printing | Getting Started | Matt Irwin, Matt Erwin Photography on YouTube

Media attribution: Red, White & Black Ochre, Paul Taylor on YouTube

Media attribution: Egyptian Blue: How an Ancient Pigment Could Save Lives, SciShow  on YouTube

Media attribution: Saturday University: Dragon’s Blood and the Blood of Dragons Seattle Art Museum on YouTube

Media attribution: Raw vs Burnt Earth Colors, Walcott Fine Art on YouTube

Media attribution: Artist’s White paint: Zinc White Issues Malcom Dewey on YouTube

Media attribution: A Beautiful New. Blue Makes Its Debut, Oregon Public Broadcasting on YouTube

Media attribution: Why Red and Blue Make Brown: Color Wheel Myth Dispelled, WriteArt on YouTube

Media Attribution: The Link Between Japanese Samurai and Real Indigo, WhyNow – Great Big Story on YouTube

Media Attribution: What is Batik? Historically Speaking, Ours For All on YouTube

Media Attribution: The History of Indigo Dye, Merit Store on YouTube

Media Attribution: Conserving the Emperor’s Carpet, The Met on YouTube

Media Attribution: West African Textiles, BurroGrande Films on YouTube

Media Attribution: Tyrian Purple | History of Colours, Little Art Talks on YouTube

Media Attribution: Iron Age Dyes: Woad, Weld & Madder, Sally Pointer on YouTube

Media Attribution: Where Did Blue Jeans Begin? | Riveted: The history of Jeans, American Experience | PBS on YouTube

Media Attribution: Cochineal Origins, Harvard Museums of Science and Culture on YouTube

Media Attribution: Fashion that SLAYED!? A History of Fabric Dyes (and all the damage early chemical dyes did), Emily Snee on YouTube

Media attribution: I Painted My Entire Room With Musou Black—The World’s Blackest Paint, by The Action Lab on YouTube

Media attribution: The library of rare colours by Tom Scott on YouTube

Media attribution: ICD 2022: The Dimensions of Colour Today (David Briggs), Colour Society of Australia NSW Division on YouTube

Media attribution: Watch: How Animals and People See the World Differently, National Geographic, on YouTube

Tables

Table 1.1. Colour Associations

Table 1.2 Chinese colour symbolism

Table 1.3 Pantone Colour of the Year 2011-2022